. . "Some of the mechanisms involved in pulmonary diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and cancer, include activation of mitogenic signal transduction pathways, dyregulation of GJIC [21], and induction of inflammation pathways [1]???[3], [22]???[24], which likely interact to elicit the observed effects (eg. promotion of initiated cells during carcinogenesis)." . .