. . . . "The signaling events contributing to cellular and tissue damage are diverse and complex, and consist of complex interactions of multiple inflammatory pathways.3, 4, 5 Proinflammatory cytokines, such as high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-?? and interleukin (IL)-1?? are known to increase in serum and liver tissue on reperfusion and have a pivotal role in the pathophysiolo" .