"Here, q is a value chosen randomly with a uniform probability between 0???1, qo is constant, 0 < qo < 1, ??ij represents the pheromone concentration of sample. xi associated with the state j and ?? is a parameter that determines the relative importance of heuristic information (the choice of ?? is determined experimentally, and ?? > 0).If qo < q, the artificial ants choose the state for sample xi" . . . . .