. . . "Some argue that the ascendancy of English as a world lingua franca was helped by the timely openness of its publishers to American, ???Hinglish???, ???Chinglish??? and ???Spanglish???, and by the embrace of writers such as Kazuo Ishiguro, Ben Okri, Hanif Kureishi, Michael Ondaatje and Salman ??Rushdie." . . . . .