For instance, while some microbes, such as bacteria and yeast fungi, are essential food sources for insect larvae foraging on dead organic material [8,9] there are negative relationships between the occurrence of filamentous fungi in the larval habitat and insect development, e.g. in sciarid fly larvae [10], Necrophorusbeetle larvae [11], house fly larvae [12,13] and Drosophila fly larvae [14,15].