solution to a surface of the three-dimensional substrate, the seed solution comprising:(i) a first metal-containing compound with the general chemical formula MLm Xn, where M denotes a seed metal cation, L is a Lewis base ligand and X denotes an anion, m denotes an integer of value 1, 2, or 4 and n denotes an integer of value 1, 2, or 3; and (ii) a photoreactive oxalate compound with the general