to 4 carbon atoms); R or R, can combine with R to form a cyclic group of at least 6 carbon atoms or a bicyclic group of at least 7 carbon atoms, which groups can be substituted with a linear or branched alkyl group having up to 5 carbon atoms; R is selected from hydrogen and methyl; R may be any group capable of quatemizing the nitrogen, including the group consisting of hydrogen, benzyl, phenethy