The IPQ-R (minus the causes subscale) comprises 38 statements (e.g. my cancer is a serious condition, my cancer will improve in time) rated on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), and 14 symptoms (e.g. 'breathlessness', 'headaches') rated on a yes (1)/no (0) scale, with respect to patients' views at the present moment.