A 1992 Gallup study showed that church members are more charitable than nonmembers: 78 percent of church members had made donations of food, clothing or other property in the previous year (as opposed to 66 percent of nonmembers); 54 percent had directly helped a needy neighbor (42 percent of nonmembers did so); and 37 percent directly helped a homeless person (compared with 33 percent of nonm