In operation, helium or other inert carrier gas flows through the nozzle. the preferred nozzle pressures for the organic molecule jet lie between 1 and 10 torr, typical in JVD. The heating coil has many closely spaced turns (e.g., 20 mil nichrome wire with turns 2 mm apart) and encases nearly the full length of the nozzle; electric power delivered to the heating coil raises the nozzle temperature