In that model, the following were associated with the development of metabolic syndrome in the first 2 years, along with peak prednisone dose: Previous metabolic syndrome, OR 4.83 (95% CI 2.93 to 7.87) Elevated anti-dsDNA antibodies, OR 1.86 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.81) Age, OR 1.03 (95% CI 1 to 1.05) Hispanic ethnicity, OR 3.47 (95% CI 1.76 to 6.86) But factors such as age and ethnicity are not modifiab