Inparticular, the source credibility model (Hovland and Weiss 1951) and the sourceattractiveness model (McGuire 1985) have been validated by many scholars.Thesemodelspropose that celebrities owe their effectiveness to their credibility andattractiveness, which includes elements such as expertise, trustworthiness, familiarity,similarity and likeabilityofthe source (McCracken 1989).This is similar t