; GPLL is present in all human tissues except in the brain, heart, and skeletal muscles; and GPBB is mainly detected in the brain but can also be found in high concentration in the heart muscle.1,2 When there is tissue hypoxia and ischemia, glycogenolysis is initiated with the conversion of GP into its more active, soluble, and cytoplasmic form by phosphorylase kinase.3 As cell membrane permeabili