prov:value
| - The particles may be created by another method, such as laser ablation of a solid piece of carbon, arc-vaporization of carbon to produce small particulates, grinding, fracture, explosive production, ion-implantation and annealing, plasma heating, infrared heated, or other method. [0111] A solid surface may be roughened (by mechanical technique, such as ion or electron beam etching, grit blasting,
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