In a study involving 150 patients with nonocclusive ischemia, 45% had reversible disease, 13% had ischemic stricture, and 19% had gangrene or perforation.3Nonocclusive ischemia is seen in cardiogenic, hemorrhagic, or septic shock and can be precipitated by drugs including cocaine, amphetamines, and vasopressors such as noradrenaline and digitalis.