Herein, each Fe-based particle of the present invention comprises: an Fe elemental core with zero valent irons; and a covering layer formed on partial or whole surface of the Fe elemental core, wherein a material of the covering layer is a metal, a metal doped with dopants, a metal alloy, a polymer, carbon, a metal oxide or a nonmetal oxide, and the shape of the Fe-based particles is a rod, a sphe